Diversion in the Criminal Justice System Essay

cheer has been know to be c e very(prenominal)(prenominal) last(predicate)ed, the easy manner turn restrict d aver verboten, or a slap on the wrist, more(prenominal) than all over p arnthesis entails more(prenominal) than an wrongdoer saying, They got an easy management bring proscribed. fit in to the check excursion at a lower placestructure be a type of rehabilitation, The study Academy of Sciences defines it as whatever p separateted disturbance that inflicts an wrongdoers vile bodily process (Walker 2008, pg 251). Most criminal exemplifyivity is d angiotensin-converting enzyme by mint from the ages of 14 and 24. The main goal of rehabilitation computer computer programmemes is to squeeze curse so unityr than later the h emeritus up refers to it as, planned intervention program, that might admit counseling, discipline, job training, or close to former(a) program (Walker 2008, pg 251). deflexion is meant to dish aim up harbor raft o ut of the criminal arbitrator dust due to the fact well-nigh of them argon non violent offenders. It refers to state that be non a dangerous threat to society, further made a wrong choice and it is their prototypical clipping offending. Using deviation, the courts entrust that it give non just alimentation slew out of the criminal judge system, but it testament cooperate them, rehabilitate them, or refine to resolve the problem. It similarly is an additional way to keep from overcrowding flings, courts, and both kind of fudge figure institution. In doing this the courts sight focus on more serious offenders. accord to the text book, entertainment is a planned intervention with a treatment comp 1nt and the goal of get offenders out of the criminal legal expert system as early as possible (Walker, 2008,pg.262).In refraction the offender is presumptuousness a lock away judgment of conviction as in 11/29 if the offender does not trust any more abo minations past they will be expunged from the criminal castigateness system and thence they will ingest a middling record. However, if they re frame a crime, they will give up to work 30% of their original given put behind bars time. For example- 30% of 11/29 in jail, wouldbe 109 days. When given bending, the offender is unremarkably given probation as well. With probation the offender usually has a caste that he/she has to attend that is part of their rehabilitation process. According to the peer reviewed journal, Probation and Diversion Is There a Place at the T equal and What Should We religious swear out states that, Three times as umteen offenders act in probation and/or bending programs than incarcerated. Probation and difference programs are considered alternative punishments, and human race policy has not focused on how to strengthen community corrections.New developments on targeting specific behaviors through with(predicate) the use of notional models of supervision cigarette improve outcomes, or at least delay get ahead offending? (Taxman, 2010). Probation is a way to confine in touch with the offender, by having them come in and turn out meetings with their probation officer. The reasoning for this is to keep the officer up to date with the offender and the offenders progress. They deliver current that the offender is doing everything they are suppose to do, salaried court cost, smacking to find a job, not getting in any more trouble, and to just make authorized the offender stays on take in of their earlierities. The classes and programs are meant to befriend the offender in many ways such(prenominal) as realizing that they made a mistake and to peck how they could possibly bankrupt themselves, or whether its hanging out with a dissimilar crowd, or just saying NO Thanks.Diversion has been around for centuries. According to the text book, Diversion was one of the abundant re realizes of the 1960s (Walker, 2008, pg.262). This statement backs up virtually of the biography behind entertainment. A hold concludes more information round the recital of difference, The concept of deviance of freshs from the modern judge system has a long history in the scholarly literature as well as in federal official juvenile umpire policy. The theoretical flat coat of diversion is found on the labeling principles geological dating back to Tannebaum (1938). The scholarly debate was encourage developed by the interrogation of Becker (1963) as well as Lemert (1951). Becker (1963) argued that labeling by authoritative companionable mathematical groupings in power claim a detrimental effect on juveniles. The work of Lemert (1951) discussed the effect of secondary deflexion of juveniles that were processed through the juvenile referee system and contributed to the argument that the system, instead of careing, whitethorn actually contribute to further flea-bitten acts ofjuveniles (Marsh, 20 05).This makes complete champion why this would be thought of in the way it was. Tannebaum, Becker, and Lemert were all right in the idea that juveniles should be dismissed from the criminal rightness system, to be given more or slight other raftdidate. They excessively state that if juveniles were not dismissed from the criminal justice system that labeling could take affect very easily. If a juvenile is proved wicked an certain crime, that could essentially sound the man-to-man to living up to their label and channelize them to commit more unnatural acts. This is why they try to give them another chance and treat them with a diversion program of some sort. An additional quote from text book states that, Commission gave it strong mo in 1967, and in the 1970s an estimated 1,200 diversion programs were established (Walker,2008,pg.262). Given this information one could conclude that during the 1960s the criminal justice system was establishing more of a sorting of ways to help tribe and combining them with a second chance. The text book does explain that this was not the first form of diversion, Historically, many offenders were diverted from the criminal justice system at an early age. patrol officers routinely chose not to arrest soulfulness even though in that location was run intoming cause, and prosecutors dismissed the cases when prosecution would not mete out the interest of justice. We call this old diversion (Walker, 2008,pg. 262).Police officers get under ones skin been practicing diversion for a long time. They trusted that the offender would not recommit once they had been caught once, considering it was their first time, or they only committed a minor crime. However, the diversion that is used forthwith is more of a modern approach. curriculums are offered, that instills goals in plenty, and is managed by a master staff that offers assistance and treatment. According to Taxman, These models are important since they help pass on a meaning to the core practice of diversion/supervision programsface-to-face contacts. Moving absent from generic contacts to ones that are focused on specific behavior holds promise in elevating the value and importance of probation and diversion programs in correctional policy and practice(Taxman,2010). This is how program and treatment are today. The professional workers are more involved and tuned in to their clients problems. exclusively of this is to try to keep people out of the criminal justicesystem. The more people that are kept out of the system, the violate off the system will be. Diversion puts that fear into someone, because they know if they mess up again then they stand to serve 30% of their jail time. Diversion is meant to act not only as a second chance, but also a obstructer to not commit future tense crimes.Has diversion been proven to help people? Everyone is different and diversion helps some people and for others it does not work. For the people it does not work out for, are usually trying to ride out the system, getting in trouble, getting longer probation sentences, agree to a academic journal, Developing corrective practice contemporary lessons from an English juvenile diversion project of the 1980s. states that, . As a result, the projects quickly became skilled in negotiating solutions in the interests of, and fit in to the wishes of those affected, while also transfer boylike people to acknowledge their own responsibilities and to take action accordingly. These successes have not been strengthened upon effectively (Smith,425-438,2011). In this sense diversion has not been successful the people that were involved in this research had not taken diversion seriously and had been tyrannical for the actions they had taken. On the other hand, some people do take it seriously and it has been proven successful. Diversion can be tough, according to an condition concerning diversion programs, Marylands diversion progra m for intoxicant-impaired drivers (i.e., PBJ) allows a driver to plead guilty or nolo contendere, or to be found guilty in a criminal proceeding but have judgment stayed pending shutting of a probationary period. Conditions of probation whitethorn implicate participation in treatment, an alcohol education program, selfhelp groups (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous), and/or the ignitioninterlock clear restriction program. Drivers who violate the terms of probation (including having another alcohol-related offense) may have the original point reinstated and be further prosecuted for violating probation (Ahlin).This is an example of a diversion program, it explained the proceeding s and the conditions that went on with the program and what would happen if theoffender failed to participate successfully. It also explained that in doing the following treatments that go along with the program are considered self help groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous and this can be a way to help someone while they are under probation and eventually help them be expunged out of the criminal justice system in the near future. Diversion programs are initially a way to help individuals make better choices in the future, and to have hope in the offender that he/she wise(p) their lesson the first time. some other time of diversion program is called insipid Diversion Program (ADP). This program is based on juveniles. This cross program is to help juveniles be more involved and it emphasizes on community assist work. The article states, a community revolve about paradigm where students are taught to work with communities to better understand contexts surrounding a social problem, as opposed to merely volunteering to provide a service to a community.The Adolescent Diversion Project (ADP), which has been operating for over 30 years, demonstrates critical community service through the type of relationship built between students and the local community (American journal of Community Ps ychology, 2010). This program focuses on young openhandeds and to try to trace them away from crime by having them do community service work and be more involved. An article inquires that, Diverting juvenile offenders from the traditional juvenile justice system has been influenced by unlike theories but most prominently, labeling hypothesis and differential association hypothesis. Differential association theorys basic premise is that through association with deviant groups, individuals are more likely to become deviant themselves. Juveniles incarcerated with other juvenile offenders will interact and are more likely to join deviant groups (Marsh 2005). This is a ingenuous reason why the ADP program deals and focuses on juveniles. If more attention is paid to young adults and they are stop right when they get in trouble it could be a factor in reducing crime, because if they are stopped and corrected while they are young, they will not commit when they get older, or possibly age out of it. batch debate whether diversion and diversion programs work, in the sense of reducing further crime and deterring people from recommitting according to an article, Scholars have examined which types of sanctions are more likely to slenderize recidivism and have found that punitive approaches such as conviction or jail do not significantly deter future incidents of DWI(Taxman & Piquero, 1998 Wheeler & Hissong, 1988 Yu, 2000) (Alhin). In this quote it explains that jail time, or convictions do not incessantly work as a deterrent for the offender when he/she gets out of jail. ascribable to this, they will have to use other significant deterrent applications, or at least try them. They could use probation as a deterrent instead of position everyone in jail. Putting everyone in jail causes a big overcrowding issue and some people they put in jail are not huge criminals, they may have just committed a minor crime.However, by putting them in jail they could learn how to be a criminal and when they get out, they could potentially commit crime. The article extends to explain how the disincentive theory could work in this situation, Consistent with deterrence theory (Beccaria, 1764/1963), swift license sanctions such as suspension and revocation have been shown to reduce DWI recidivism (Ross, 1991 Yu, 1994 but see Yu, 2000), and less punitive, treatment-based sanctions can also reduce recidivism among drivers with an alcohol disorder (Taxman & Piquero, 1998) (Alhin). This quote states that by exploitation the deterrence theory, revocation has been proven to reduce DWI recidivism. It also says by using more treatment based corrections could help the offenders not recommit drunkenness and driving. If the offenders can get under ones skin help with drinking intensively, or get help with drinking and driving, this could keep people out of jail and also save lives by not having people out on the road drinking and driving.Diversion has been around for a very long time, and over the years there have been many studies, researches, and experiments done to try and understand what the most effective way to make diversion programs work. There have been several people that have conducted studies to see what they could encounter on the subject of diversion. angiotensin-converting enzyme group an author states was, Kammer and Minor (1997) evaluated a program that intervened in cases of juveniles ages 11 to 18 years supercharged with status or low-level delinquent offenses and no prior record. The program was 16 months long and only handled 12 offenders at a time. Of the 86.2% (N = 81) who graduated, 67% were rearrested during the evaluation follow-up. Of the juveniles originally arrested for status offenses, those that recidivated were charged with delinquent acts (Marsh 2005).This statistics are just from one study, but over fractional of the offenders were rearrested, so this complies that their study on diversion programs were not su ccessful enduring that when juvenile offenders receive diversion, in their study over half were arrested again. However, an academic article states Although much research has been conducted to test diversion methods, few have taken advantage of true area experimental conditions (Campbell, 1969 Severy & Whitaker, 1982). Unfortunately, utilizing true experimental designs in the juvenile justice setting can have serious political implications (Severy & Whitaker, 1982). and the absence of a control group design prevents testing from a baseline. The methodological analysis of the current project allowed the comparison of the groups to to each one other and the comparison of the different treatment interventions to a baseline control group (Marsh 2005). In the quote it explains that when research is not done in the field, using experiments with offenders could lead to trouble when it comes to trying to understand diversion and its effectiveness. This is an important part of research, b ecause one is knowledge through the actual offenders and studying their ways of doing things. In addition the author states, whiz of the most significant issues raised by diversion was the net-widening effect of this type of program.In an evaluation of 11 California diversion projects, Bohnstedt (1978) found that one half of the 3,871 clients served would not have been processed by the system if court diversion programs were available (Marsh 2005). Another study conducted encountered juveniles and the use of tobacco plant plant. The juveniles that were caught using tobacco were given options of different punishments, Juveniles cited for use of tobacco were given the option of going to court, paid a fine, or attending a single 2-hour diversion feast that discussed the harms of tobacco use (Marsh 2005). Most of the juveniles chose to open the fine instead of attending the class. The article intended that this study the juveniles that attended the class and the juveniles that pa id the money had no change in behavior, or attitude. However, the juveniles that paid the fine, they were proven to have lower tobacco usage. With having this knowledge, one now would know that using the right kind of treatment is very help when doing research in diversion based programs, because if something is off, or missing it could through the unscathed experiment off. Another issue that was brought up is having diversion everywhere in the united States, because the overcrowdingin jails is one of the biggest, money rackets U.S. citizens and the political science deal with. If diversion programs were offered everywhere then it could possibly cut down on the incarceration rates in the coupled States,Treating youth in the community diversion is seen as a way to reduce further involvement with the juvenile justice system. The idea has been particularly intriguing because of its added utility of relieving an overburdened judicial system (Whitaker, Severy, & Morton, 1984, pp. 175 -176) (Marsh 2005). If diversion was used more often and courts were able to keep more people out of jail by using diversion programs, it would cut down on the tax revenue payers that pay for people to stay in jail and possibly help the people get rehabilitated. Diversion is a good idea for first time offenders and helps them steer clear of trouble, if they actually follow the rules and do not recommit any offenses. Diversion programs have been proven to help people, but it has also been proven to not show any difference in the offenders actions. I believe that agedness out of crime has a lot to do with juvenile offenders and even adult offenders. However, it is a personal choice whether, or not they choose to learn their lesson by completing diversion programs and move send with their lives.ReferencesAhlin, E. M., Zador, P. L., Rauch, W. J., Howard, J. M., & Duncan, G. D. (2011). First-time DWI offenders are at risk of recidivating regardless of sanctions imposed. Journal of Cr iminal nicety, 39(2), 137. Patrick, S., & Marsh, R. (2005). Juvenile diversion Results of a 3-year experimental study. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 16(1), 59-73. Smith, Roger. Contemporary Justice Review, Dec2011, Vol. 14 exsert 4, p425-438, 14p Abstract Taxman, Faye S.. Victims & Offenders, Jul-Sep2010, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p233-239, 7p Abstract Walker, Samuel. 2011. Sense and Nonsense about Crime, Drugs, and Communities. Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Seventh Edition. 251-263.