Fair and Equitable Compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reasonable and Equitable Compensation - Essay Example â€Å"Fair and Equitable Treatment† is a standard begun from the 1948 Havana Charter for an International Trade Organization. It given that remote ventures ought to be given just and evenhanded treatment through the advancement of two-sided or multilateral concessions to specific measures and in the treatment for an endeavor, ability, capital, expressions and innovation originating from a part nation to another (Yannaca-Small, C., n.d). Today, the meaning of the treatment isn't as a long way from its incitement when applied to the standard in the work environment. Basically, it is a standard that ensures each foundation ought to encourage an equivalent dissemination of abilities, expressions, innovation with respect to the need of a worker to have the option to carry out a responsibility well. Likewise, it decides the privilege of each organization to decide just terms of affirmation and responsibility for or remuneration for each worker. An individual thought of reasonable an d evenhanded pay could be found in two points of view the employer’s and the employee’s. A piece of its arrangements for workers is award them at any rate a lowest pay permitted by law which is set by a state’s government. This relies upon the sort and level of employment one is recruited to do. Likewise, it qualifies a worker for get an opportunity to progress in their picked position through employment assessment done by one’s direct chief, to know whether they are performing under or over the desires for a specific set of working responsibilities. The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) additionally sets the measures for an employee’s advantage of getting an extra time pay. The main exception to this would be an adjusted employee’s pay level dependent on the idea of work done that ought to be expressed in the agreement marked by the representative (Compensation and Benefits Policy, n.d.). This holds full-time representatives ought to get addi tional installment for work done outside available time while non-ordinary workers don't get an extra time pay. Pay examination is something else that is remembered for the reasonable and evenhanded pay for representatives. This ought to be done through yearly execution audit to direct whether a specific representative ought to be viewed as an advantage that legitimately has the right to be remunerated. Advantages, beside pay evaluation ought to be conceded for customary workers, for example, disaster protection, mishap protection, adaptable spending accounts, subordinate consideration help, wiped out leaves, get-away leaves, deprivation leaves and so forth, contingent upon the organization (Compensation and Benefits Policy, n.d.). Then again, as reasonable and evenhanded remuneration secures the privileges of representatives, it additionally gives rules of employers’ rights to be repaid fairly, however not financially yet through a proportion of administration and trustworth iness. Some of which would be the option to interest for the concurred administrations anticipated from a worker at a specific time extend every day, to call employee’s consideration and push them to perform under their position. Another is request and simultaneously rebuff a worker through removal or excusal for defiance to complete work directions and friends rules, failure to show great conduct in the work environment, irregularity, absence of faithfulness and uprightness, exposure of private archives, robbery of organization property and so forth (Employee and Employer Rights | Most Recent Publications, n.d.). Without a doubt, the two gatherings have the right to have rights that are

Find out whether or not congestion zones are a good idea

Are Congestion Zones A Good Idea? In this report I will see if or not blockage zones are a smart thought, utilizing inquired about information, diagrams and tables to back up my thoughts. The finish of this issue depends on how precise and solid the data is. Blockage Zones are utilized with the expectation that traffic gets decreased. The city hall leader of London has as of late set up clog zones in trusts they will decrease traffic by 15%. Pundits of the plan in any case, say that it is unworkable and out of line. They likewise guarantee it will most likely prompt more clog as individuals attempt to maintain a strategic distance from the charging territories. Focal London has had an emotional cut in rush hour gridlock since the presentation of the blockage charge. 40 000 less individuals are passing through the zone every Some individuals concur with the blockage charge, and can deliver numerous realities to help their view. My source one can likewise give numerous statistical data points. Source one says that since the blockage zone was established, traffic had been cut by 18%, and delays were somewhere near 30% since the clog zone has been purchased in, the benefit of clog zone was clear as the traffic was quickly diminishing after the presentation of blockage zones. In the event that the traffic is diminished, at that point there will be no postponements so not that much contamination discharged in to the air; which prompts atmosphere impacts for instance an Earth-wide temperature boost. The open vehicle in the city has improved significantly by 20%, with 29,000 additional individuals utilizing the administration which will mean considerably more cash towards its improvement. This additionally adds to the insurance of our planet against atmosphere changes which can have social impacts. In the event that more individuals decided to utilize the transport or taxi, at that point this would improve their wellbeing as they would walk and consistently go on discrete vehicles. Source one additionally says that the lanes of London were ‘clogged' and the overwhelming traffic on the streets were costing organizations around i2 million every week. Blockage zones are acceptable in light of the fact that individuals possibly use them on the off chance that they truly have to, the proof to this point is in source 1 when it states â€Å"there are 65,000 less vehicle trips†, thus this implies a cut down on gases being produced into the air. In this way, less contamination. Source 1 likewise expresses that the costs that individuals pay are going towards the earth, new more ecologically well disposed transports. As i50m is contributed for the most part through speedier and progressively solid excursions for street and transport clients. This is additionally a bit of leeway as the cash isn't setting off to the administration yet is utilized to support our vehicle. The news story announces that, Research, surveys and reviews additionally shows that 75% of Londoners upheld the plan ‘because it works'. That factor that it truly encourages us as the entirety of the blockage charge is compassionately added to improving the open vehicle. Source 2 continues saying that there inquire about have demonstrated that there was much desperately road works finished with the assistance of this cash, for example, supplanting old spilling water pipes. On the off chance that blockage zones are lessening traffic by 21 percent and 70,000 vehicles consistently then it should truly work. Then again blockage zones can likewise turn into a disservice. For my subsequent source, I have a paper article from London Evening Standard news to help my point. In this source, Angie Bray satisfies that the pace of traffic rose to 2. 6 and 2. 7 minutes for every kilometer. This is a weakness as though there is a high traffic rate then the will be more contamination caused than vehicles at typical speed. The quantity of vehicles that was entering the blockage zone has quickly expanded from earlier years. The paper unmistakably expresses that â€Å"surely this is the ideal opportunity to begin contemplating an elective method to handle congestion†. Clearly, the clog charge didn't generally turn out to be as the quantity of vehicles has risen. The nearby paper gave me proof that blockage charge was a disappointment as it expresses that previous this month their examination has revealed to them that traffic toward the beginning of the day busy time was running more gradually than before the plan started. Angie Bray talks that the charge has lost its principle defense. Which is genuinely worried as there is no adjustment in atmosphere. Clog charge has a thump on impact on nature and financially. Very few individuals will need to go through the zone except if it's essential, so they would discover other elective approaches to pass the zone causing more blockage in different roots. This impacts the individuals around that region as they live in an air loaded up with bio-items. Along these lines, many would utilize transports to go rather than their own vehicles. This again brings about a disservice of blockage zones as there is more transports equivalents' gigantic measure of contamination made by one transport against 10 vehicles. Blockage charges can influence individuals and furthermore organizations. This is on the grounds that organizations have lost benefits after the clog zones were set. As organizations need stock conveyance which may need to cross the charging territory which trails to additional costs, prompting lower benefits. The laborers may need to cross the blockage zone to go to work each day, bringing about leaving that place of employment. This again influences the organizations to lose their laborers. The proof from source 1 backings my point as it expresses that 68% of retail organizations said the plan would have been exceptional without the charge. Source dependability can have a significant effect, which is the reason I have picked three entirely solid sources. My Source one is a report by BBCNEWS. I feel this makes it entirely dependable. This is on the grounds that the BBC is a notable and confided in association, upheld by the administration. The Source likewise incorporates selective meetings for the BBC by the civic chairman of the time, Ken Livingstone. This report was distributed on the seventeenth February 2004. In spite of the fact that this source is a ton years old, I think it is as yet solid, in light of the fact that the proof is as yet substantial. The Source is exceptionally pertinent to the inquiry, as it gives realities upheld and given by the legislature, yet in addition incorporates assessments of Londoners. The Source additionally has legitimacy, as it tends to all the variables that it cases to. My source 2 is as dependable as source one as it is a report from the neighborhood paper for London perusers. It is notable in London so it is confided in a great deal. This report contains restrictive meetings with Angie Bray. Anyway it was distributed in 22th November 2007 as this implies it are two or three years of age, so it isn't dependable as this information isn't cutting-edge and probably won't be the situation now. My source three holds an extraordinary significance of the unwavering quality as it is dependable. This is on the grounds that raw numbers structure the article is as important and solid. As it originates from a trust commendable paper article. Since the details are from the administration, they will be truly dependable in reality, as they will contain no tattle, bits of gossip or presumptions. Out of the entirety of my Sources; I feel that my Source two is generally solid. This is because old enough, legitimacy, truth, predisposition, creator and the select meetings. This Source shows both positive and negative focuses about the clog charge. The clog charge additionally affects numerous different things, which I can put under Social, Economic and Environmental. The social impacts are that the individuals that will be influenced by this are neighborhood. It will for the most part influence neighborhood, seeing as those in the territory will either need to pay the charge, or they will confront plausible postponements on backup ways to go, because of the quantity of individuals attempting to maintain a strategic distance from the region. They will likewise profit by the cleaner, more secure air in the event that they live around the clog zones. On the off chance that an individual is up to speed in overwhelming rush hour gridlock their excursion times will be problematic, affecting on a wide range of thing, for example, family, work, wellbeing arrangements and so forth. The monetary impacts are that for those that must choose the option to go through the zone it is simply adding to their installments. In addition to the fact that they have bills and street charge, however now they need to pay i8. 00 each time they have to get some place basic, for example, my exploration gives a few organizations are being influenced by things such for example stock conveyance, which currently costs the business more in light of the charge. At last the natural impacts are, clearly contamination has a major influence in the charge. My information shows that the contamination levels inside the zones are diminishing hugely. With harmful nitrogen levels dropping snappier yet at the same time keeping up a typical level, it is by all accounts like the charge is working. With respect to nature, if a vehicle is moving gradually or fixed, it delivers more carbon outflows than if it moves at a typical speed. In this manner, progressively an Earth-wide temperature boost and other environmental change which influence creatures and people. Different gases are discharged like sulfur dioxide, this will cause corrosive downpour and harm the marble and different materials which costs a ton to fix. One of the adverse impacts of the blockage charge is its thump on impact on the more extensive network; with individuals searching for new courses, encompassing zones could get obstructed with clog, and we would have a similar issue once more. To finish up, subsequent to thinking about all the proof for the two sides, I imagine that general clog charges are a smart thought. This shouldn't imply that that it doesn't have its negative focuses however, in light of the fact that it does. The data that most helped me arrive at my choice was the information I found, and my source 1, BBCNEWS report. This is on the grounds that I feel the strength of the individuals will be improving, and you can't generally contend with that. Likewise, the way that the cash is being spent on the open which I believe is a splendid thought. In any case, similar to I have stated, the clog charge doesn't come without its adverse focuses, for example, individuals making good on a ‘double charge' when they must choose between limited options, postponements and blockage being made on backup courses of action because of drivers attempting to maintain a strategic distance from the clog charge zone, and furthermore, the way that a few organizations are enduring is something that I find very inadmissible. So truly, the framework needs some tweaking, however generally speaking th

Metaphor of the Month! Dark Night of The Soul Richmond Writing

Metaphor of the Month! Dark Night of The Soul Richmond Writing With my favorite holiday of Halloween approaching, I figured that we needed a metaphor that captures dread, doubt, and doom. I must be channeling my fellow Richmonder Edgar Allan Poe, who enjoyed alliteration. On to our metaphor. Poes masterpiece The Raven is all about a long, dark night when the narrator faces a sombre truth: Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before; But the silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token. . . If you know the poem, then you know what the narrator discovers about his lost Lenore. If not, get over to the Poetry Foundations site and read it, posthaste. But where did our figure of speech, captured so well in Poes verse, originate? The OED Online has an entry about the word dark that includes a reference to St. John of the Cross, who believed in a noche oscura that one must endure to come back into the light of faith. It is a moment of aridity that a mystic endures, quoth the OED, not the Raven. Over time, the Spanish Saints metaphor grew in scope to become any deep enough existential crisis that rocks us to our cores. The Dark Night destroys our optimism forever or we come out wiser and sadder. Only that, and nothing more. Academic uses can be literary (of course), political, or spiritual. Historians will speak of a Dark Night of the Soul for people making terrible decisions: despite his many quoted remarks about the strategic necessity of the A-bombings, I dont know that Harry Truman ever got over Hiroshima and Nagasaki.   It would speak poorly of him if he did ever brush it off lightly. My first brush with the idea of our metaphor happened in an undergraduate English class. Suddenly there came a phrase for the culminating moment in many a text, such as Huck Finns decision to go to hell to save his friend Jim; since strong texts often develop out of dramatic tensions in their plots or characters, many feature one or more Dark Nights of the Soul. Existentialist works could not really work with them. I found more than a few literary uses of the term, thanks to a quick Google and Wikipedia search. My favorites? F. Scott Fitzgerald noted, in The Crack Up, that In a real dark night of the soul it is always three oclock in the morning. Fitzgerald himself struggled with alcoholism and the madness of his wife Zelda. He knew his topic well, as have many other artists. See you on the other side of Halloween. Good luck. Please nominate a word (or metaphor!) useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month here and Words of the Week  here. Image courtesy of Wikipedia Commons

Climate Change Environmental Agencies Essay - 2237 Words

Issue one: climate change Environmental agencies focus on fossil fuels as the big bad baddy of greenhouse gas emissions leading to global warming, suggesting alternative energy, carpooling, hybrid cars, and biking, but animal agriculture accounts for more carbon dioxide per year than all transportation methods combined. A conservative 2006 study by the United Nations food and agricultural study placed animal agriculture at 7,516 million tons per year or 18% of annual global green house gas emissions with a far more thorough 2009 WorldWatch Institute study taking into account overlooked livestock respiration, land use, methane and other oversights of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations with the ultimate outcome of at least 32,564 million tons of carbon dioxide per year coming from animal agriculture. That’s 51 percent of all global emissions compared to the 13 percent of all combined transportation. And what do the environmental agencies point to? Reducing fossil fuel usage. If we completely stopped all use of gas, oil, fuel, electricity et cetera, and never used them ever again, we would still exceed our carbon equivalent greenhouse gas emissions of 565 gigatons by the year 2030 just with the impact of livestock alone. [10][11] So not using fossil fuels at all, which would be the wet dream of every environmental agency, we’re still gassing out the planet with the one contributor–the main contributor–which they refuse to even address. In a similarShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Global Climate Change Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment everywhere right this very moment. What is causing the damage? Global climate change contributes a great amount of devastation to the world every day. This is important because the change is affecting humans, animals, plants and just about anything else that is living. As a result of global climate change, regions, ecosystems, and agriculture will be greatly affected. There are many things causing global climate change such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. One may notice thatRead MoreHow Is Managing Climate Change, Changes America s Health1144 Words   |  5 PagesManaging Climate change, Changes America’s Health Fady Estany Tennessee State University What is Climate Change? Climate change is a change of environment patterns. In specific the change was obvious from the mid to late 20th century. The reason of the dramatic change was due to large increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels. We as people can barely or see no change at all. But the truth is that our Earth is warming little by little. Minor changes inRead MoreA Energy Source For The State Of Florida1285 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States, Florida’s use of renewable energy production is nearly nonexistent at 1.51% (Florida Public Service Commission 2). Environmental Impact of Energy Finding an energy source that is both environmentally friendly and able to keep up with Florida’s growing energy needs is important for many reasons. These reasons include global warming/climate change, environmental damage, the availability of non-renewable resources, and national security. Global warming The rising world temperatures attributedRead MorePublic Agency Employees Should Remain Neutral And Apolitical During Agency Decision Making And Policy Implementation937 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal Climate Change: â€Å"Public agency employees should remain value neutral and apolitical during agency decision making and policy implementation.† As everyone knows global climate change and global warming is a big topic of debate when it comes to public policy nowadays. 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The U.S. government needs to make changes by implementing environmentally friendly projects that would reverse the United States damage on the environment. In 2015, there was the Environmental Protection Agency, which created a clean power plan. President Obama announced the plan, an effort to fight climate change. The plan was to target power plants who use fossil fuels for energy. The use of these fossil fuels would emitsRead MoreEnvironmental Issues Of Human Rights Violations947 Words   |  4 Pagesdefining the environmental issues as human rights violations in legal terms is a complex task. However, in the last decade, petitions and suit cases against climate change issue were gradually filed. In 2006, the first suit case against the Environmental Protection Agency was reached to the U.S Supreme Court (Aminzade, 2006). A petition claimed that climate change through emissions and air pollutants caused harm to public health and welfare. This case grabbed the attention of multiple environmental agencies;

Effective Methods to Reduce the Spread of HIV - 1488 Words

Intervention: Prevention and protection is the most cost effective method to reduce the spread of HIV. In mid-1990s Cambodias prevention efforts have centered generally on encouraging the condom use among men when participating in business sex and swaying men to diminish their business sex activity. In 1999, the Cambodian government launched a 100% condom usage campaign among the brothel sex workers that was modeled from Thailands successful program. Education was one of the best measures employed by the Cambodian government in preventing the HIV transmission. 95% of the Cambodian women know about HIV/AIDS according to the Cambodian Demographic Health Survey 2000 (Department of Planning and Health Information, 2003). This progress was achieved by extensive awareness and education camps throughout the Cambodian provinces. The awareness programs were associated with the government and non-profit organizations. Another effective method for prevention and control is through Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT). In the process of learning individual HIV status, the VCT approach incorporates the pretest and posttest counseling and gives critical prevention measures and messages (Department of Planning and Health Information, 2003). Cambodia is a nation of 13.4 million individuals with 80% of the population living in provincial ranges. In 2007, for every capita GDP item was $597, positioned third least in Asia, and the World Bank assessed that 30% of the overallShow MoreRelatedSpread Of Hiv / Aids1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe Spread of HIV/AIDs in Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa has been singled out as having the most serious HIV epidemic in the world. There is need to curb the spread of HIV in the continent by leveraging the knowledge and skills necessary to understand the factors responsible for the spread of the disease. This paper attempts to investigate the risk factors involved in the spread of HIV and how to reduce HIV prevalence regardless of these risks factors. The paper then goes a step further andRead MoreMy Hiv Social Sba 2013 Full Marks1234 Words   |  5 Pagesteachers in my school who advised me on how to do this project and finally GOD who gave me life wisdom and strength to complete this project. TASK 1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM What are the factors that contribute to the spread of HIV? Task 2 REASON FOR SELECTING AREA OF RESEARCH Over the years people in my community, the Diego martin area, has been infected with HIV.Diego Martin is a town in north-western Trinidad justRead MoreGovernment Policies on Hiv/Aids, Prevention and Control969 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss the government policies on HIV/AIDS, prevention and control (20mks) Definition of terms Government policies- These are the course of actions or inactions taken by the state with regard to a particular issue. 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Individuals who become infected with HIV will find it harder to fight infections (Avert). HIV is located in semen, blood, vaginal and anal fluids, and breast milk (HIV and Aids). The most common method to become infected is through anal or vaginal sex without a condom (HIV and Aids). Other forms of contraction include using infected needles/ syringes, from

Supply Chain Opportunity For An Uncertain Economic Recovery

Supply Chain Opportunity in an Uncertain Economic Recovery Authors Statement of Purpose Supply Chain Opportunity in an Uncertain Economic Recovery, by Eric G. Olson, discusses the advantages the supply chain has in a struggling economic recovery, when most other companies are dealing with uncertainty. The authors’ intention contained in this article is to discuss opportunities that businesses have to grow their operations despite coming out of a severe recession. The author identifies to take advantage of these opportunity, companies must be willing to be more flexible and that scalability is much easier to implement coming out of a severe recession. The author provides a design, methodology, and approach to implement these changes, highlighting the scalability and flexibility benefits, mitigation if multiple risks, identification supply chain opportunities. Background America is not the only country that is recovering from an economic recession. The global marketplace is experiencing the same struggles that the recession has brought to countries across the world. Many companies have been impacted in a negative way from the recession, causing them to make some difficult decisions to survive during these turbulent times. When it comes to supply chain management, â€Å"it is remarkable how rapidly many businesses have successfully scaled back their supply chain operations in order to sustain profitability during difficult times† (Article p1) The recession is slowly coming to anShow MoreRelatedSupply Chain Opportunity For An Uncertain Economic Recovery1194 Words   |  5 Pages Journal Article 2 Supply Chain Opportunity in an Uncertain Economic Recovery Frank Bentley BUSI 613 February 2, 2013 Authors Purpose: The single most important issue is the author presents a direct understanding concerning current supply chain within today’s corporations during an economic recession. With the need to scale back supply chain operations during the recession, many companies are trying to find ways to revamp their strategies, re-build relationships and gearRead MoreIntegration Between Forward And Reverse Supply Chains1713 Words   |  7 PagesIntegration between Forward and Reverse Supply Chains Another important design issue of reverse supply chain concerns potential synergies between different product flows. While forward supply chains typically act as one-way channels, closed-loop supply chains encompass multiple inbound and outbound material flows crossing each other’s path. In this setting, it is intuitive to consider integration as a potential means for attaining economies of scale. Opportunities may concern transportation and reprocessingRead MoreSWOT Analysis of Apple Inc878 Words   |  4 PagesSWOT SWOT Analysis Strengths Strong Brand Name Innovative Culture Efficient Supply Chain High Customer Loyalty Weaknesses Supply Chain Environmental Problems Supply Chain Human Rights Issues Leadership/Loss of Steve Jobs Opportunities New Breakthrough Product Increase Market Share Maintain/Increase Customer Loyalty Threats Competitive Rivalry Negative Supply Chain Publicity Slow Economic Recovery Analysis Apple Inc. has prided itself on product innovation since the companyRead MoreFIN 370 Week 3 Strategic Inititative Paper Final Draft 1185 Words   |  5 Pages(ExxonMobil, 2015). This essay discusses ExxonMobil’s strategic initiative from the 2013 Summary Annual Report. The following details the company’s initiative, financial planning surrounding that initiative, the effect of cost and revenues on the supply chain, as well as the ethical concerns associated with this idea. Strategic Initiative ExxonMobil is a vertically integrated oil and gas company that’s mission is to â€Å"find safe, efficient, and responsible ways to bring affordable energy to the dynamicRead MoreA Short Note On Supply Chain Network Design1938 Words   |  8 Pagesliterature related to supply chain network design area specified in allocation and distribution problem under risks is presented in this section. There has been a growing interest in supply chain network design criteria which has draw great attention of a number of researchers to propose advanced models and develop efficient methods. Traditionally, procurement, manufacturing, distribution and planning processes are studied individually, however, with risk management in demand and supply side taken intoRead MoreAnalysis of Kudlers Marketing Strategy and Position1021 Words   |  4 Pagesunique niche in premium groceries, it is likely that word of mouth promotion will constitute a vast majority of the companys business. However, othe r promotional materials can also be utilized such as print, radio, online, and other promotional opportunities. Any promotion that Kudler uses should be heavily focused on the target market since the store may not appeal to other market segments that are more price sensitive. Industry Trends The retail food environment can be categorized as either aRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Resilient Business Organization1375 Words   |  6 PagesRomagnoli, 2014). A theoretical model is presented identifying the pertinent features that characterize a resilient business organization. Drawing on the systems theory literature, a business is firstly characterized in terms of its technical, social and economic sub-systems. Secondly, the kinds of disruptions business system might need to guard against are identified according to local, national and global spheres of influence. Thirdly, that resilient business system must attend to the goals of redundancyRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of Greece And Portugal1624 Words   |  7 Pagesof the credibility and reputation of the German banks and the entire OCA. Hence, a country such as Greece, which lacked the regulation and financial supervision, jumped at the opportunity of sharing the same credible status Germany worked hard to maintain. To understand why Greece defaulted, we need to uncover the economic and political reasoning behind its recent history. The first decision to host the Olympic Games in Athens in 2004 burned a â‚ ¬8.4 billion hole in public finances. Facilities andRead MoreThe Invention Of An Invention1685 Words   |  7 Pagesin changing how a product will be marketed. Three, opening a new market. It is a market in which the new product of manufacturing has never been introduced to the consumers. The market could be existing or completely new. Four, a conquest of a new supply of materials. It involves finding a new source or raw materials or half-manufactured good. The source may be existing, or it has to be created first so as to be exploited. Five, carrying out of the new organisation of any industry. It may involveRead More6.0Industry Trends And Agency Issues. 6.1 Industry Trends.1721 Words   |  7 Pagesdemands on the transportation and supply chain sector. Given the fluctuations in a numb er of related Federal policies, it is recognized that transportation communities nationwide are entering an â€Å"unprecedented era of change.† As indicated by the preceding Market Analysis (section 4.0), moving forward, TBT is expected to continue to operate in this highly uncertain business and transportation environment. Therefore, TBT must position itself to approach new opportunities, risks, and challenges with an

Security Incidents and Hackb Case

Questions: 1.What Was the Problem? 2.How and Why It Occurred? Answers: Security Incidents In the present-day information age, the rules of value have changed and moved from the physical to the intangible. In today's inter-connected and always online world, data is the most important thing any organisation can own (Singh, 2015). Data not only serves as a fertile ground to be tilled for competitive advantage, but some data also come with the responsibility of protecting it. For example, if a company handles credit card details of its users, it is the company's responsibility to ensure the protection of such data, both from outsiders and insiders. It follows that data should be the thing that is stolen most often. Indeed, criminals are now after the data of an organisation. Various attackers like novice and skilled programmers, organised crime groups, activists, terrorists, and governments are interested in compromising an organisation for their goals. The world of information security is wide, and there are many nuances to the methods in which information may be compromised . This report looks into two real-life examples of information security incident. The first portion of the report discusses a breach, while the second one discusses an attack. Breach A breach is an inadvertent exposure of confidential information ("Security Breach", n.d.). In a breach, the parties acting to expose the information are insiders of an organisation. However, there is no malicious intent. Still, any data which is once made public can never recover its private status. This report will discuss a breach which happened from September to December 2015. The public data was searched, and one incident was selected for the purpose of this report. Any decent sized business will have access to personal details of many users. Even if the number of users does not run into millions (as we will see the later portion of this report), thousands of users may have given their personal data to the company. Web sites often request details like full name, phone number, postal address, and email address. The companies want to promote their business, and emails are much cheaper and quicker than postal mail. Thus, every company prefers to send electronic newsletters via email. Beyond a small number of recipients, it is often efficient to use software for the purpose of sending mass emails. The software can take care of sending the emails, handling unsubscribe requests, and work error-free. Now, this software can be developed in-house or bought off-the-shelf and then hosted on company's infrastructure, or subscribed to a third-party using Software as a Service (SaaS). The breach which is being discussed in this report concerns retailer WHSmith (England, 2015). WHSmith specialises in selling books, stationery, magazines, newspapers and entertainment products. Like any business worth its salt, it too has a Contact Us page, which understandably asks for personal details and email address also. On 2nd September 2015, the systems of WHSmith began emailing the contents of the Contact Us page to the entire mailing list of the company (Temperton, 2015). 1. Users have faith in the companies with which they are interacting. An online platform for a company with which a person interacts in the offline world also is often trustworthy. What happened in the case study being discussed, is that instead of routing the contents of the Contact Us page to the company officials, it was being routed instantly to the entire mailing list of the enterprise. The Contact Us form had fields for personal information. Now, the problem was that the form had been by the user under the impression that it will be visible to the eyes of the company officials only. Thus, the user's wording and tone of language may have been biased by that. Secondly, in addition to the message, the personal contact details were broadcast to all the subscribers. Not only was this a breach of privileged information, but also annoying. Twitter was lit up with the discussions of this data breach with a hashtag created to tag the tweets- #whsmithfail (Day, 2015) . 2. WHSmith contracts its email services to a third-party company I-subscribe. The company provides forms which are then embedded into the web pages. The data submitted via the form goes to I-subscribe, which then handles it on behalf of their customer, in this case, WHSmith. What was happening was that the software code at I-subscribe responsible for routing the email messages had a bug, which wrongly routed the Contact Us form submissions. To be clear, a software bug is the mistake of the developer or the company creating the software. As soon as WHSmith was made aware of the issue, they contacted their contractor I-subscribe, and the latter took down the form and started working on fixing the bug. The exact details of why the software bug was present and what conditions triggered it are neither in public domain (as their software is proprietary) nor relevant to the discussion at hand. We know that a software bug caused this data breach. Possible Solutions for Preventing the Breach in Future As far as the retailer WHSmith is concerned, the authors of this paper find it clean. They, after all, hired another company to manage its subscription and forms services, and the contracted company, I-subscribe business function is managing email subscriptions. Thus, we have suggestions for both the client as well as the contractor. The client should get a written Service Level Agreement (SLA) and responsibility in case of a data breach. The contractor should test their software before using it on production servers with live client data. Hack A hack is deliberate attempt to compromise a computer system ("hack", n.d.), and is characterised by malicious intent. The acting parties in a hack are outsiders. The goals of attackers in a hacking attack range from entertainment to undermining the interests of an enemy or nation or opposition organisation (Spivak, 2012). Thus, hacking is performed not only by criminals, programmers, and activists but also nation states using Internet and information systems as a new platform of war against enemy nations. For this report, public information on hacks between 2012 to 2016 was researched, and one was chosen for elaboration. Social networking on the World Wide Web (WWW) is a big business (Tran, 2016). The attack being discussed in this report is a professional social networking site - LinkedIn. LinkedIn is a network where anyone with an email address can join, create his public facing rsum, become friends with other profiles on the site. Additional tools include sending private messages, posting articles using LinkedIn's publishing tools, and other standard facilities which users have come to expect from any social networking site. LinkedIn is a big company, and users who join this site expect their privacy and the data to be protected. In 2012, attackers invaded LinkedIn's systems and stole login credentials (email and password) about 6.5 million users (Schroeder, 2012). Problem Users trust public companies like LinkedIn with their data. Email addresses of active users is a prize in the email spam business, and leaked databases are one of the best sources (Hoffman, 2014). Also, most business owners would like to pry on the online activities of their employees (Ballman, 2013) (Gee, 2017). Thus, professional networking and job search sites have an extra responsibility to keep the data of their users secure. As an illustration, policies of some companies may forbid employees from looking for a new job till they are working in that company. Such a user may begin his search in a private mode. The attack which is being discussed in this report was done by criminals for financial gains (Association, 2016). However, the possibility has been proven that such data is not secure. The problem is that some people were able to overrun all the security procedures of LinkedIn and get away with private data. Later on, in 2016, it turned out that the 2012 revelation was tip o f the iceberg. Within the same attack about 100 million users' details were stolen (Association, 2016), thus raising the total count to about 117 million users (Griffin, 2016). Affected by the Hack and How In this attack, users of LinkedIn who were in the pool of the around 6.5 million database records stolen were affected. The data stolen was put on sale in the black market on the Internet (Rogers, 2016). Now, the aftermath of the attack could have left the millions of users exposed, not only by the criminals but potentially also by prying employers. Nothing would have been off the table since the data was out on the Internet. However, in a professional handling of the incident, LinkedIn came forward and publicly accepted the attack (Silveira, 2012), provided live updates on the Twitter feed, published best-practices articles. Most importantly, LinkedIn promptly deactivated the passwords of all the users whose data was stolen. Follow-up emails were sent to the affected users alerting and advising them on next steps. The act of deactivating the passwords was a prudent one. It significantly reduced the value of the loot for the criminals. They still have access to emails of the people, but still, they cannot access the LinkedIn accounts per se. Some industry experts believe that the haul of the valid email addresses of working professionals may be grabbed by the spam industry (Rogers, 2016). They believe so since the price of the data set is relatively lower. In any case, successful sale of such data will only encourage the attackers to carry on their activities (Zilberman, 2017) (Westervelt, 2014). Attack Carried Out The details of this attack are incomplete. The true picture has not emerged more so since two nations - America and Russia - are in a tug-of-war about the alleged hacker. Still, the public records indicate that the hacker sends a malware to a company employee's computer. Later on, that malware was used to crawl the network and gain deeper access to LinkedIn's systems and finally to the database (RadioLiberty, 2016). Showing responsibility, LinkedIn reset the passwords for the 100 million newly surfaced accounts as soon as it got this new information (Reuters, 2016). Measures Which Can Prevent Such Attacks From what information is available, it appears that the launching pad for this attack was malware. How the hacker was able to install the malware on a computer of the company is not known. It could be a deceptive email, some random website which a LinkedIn employee visited, or any other of the many ways possible to infect any computer connected to the Internet. Also, that malware had the capability to bypass internal security checkpoints, as well send data back to the hacker. Considering these points, it is recommended that stricter rules be put in place to kill any malware suspected incoming data. This malware could be via email, infected web page, or even a flash drive (also known as a pen drive or USB drive). Also, no outside storage media should be allowed in the office premises. Also, firewalls should be updated so as to track outgoing data also. A review of the internal security of an organisation's network is recommended so that any malware is identified. Intrusion Detection S ystem (IDS) and anomaly detection techniques may be helpful in this regard. Conclusion This report looked into publicly available data on breaches and hacks. A data breach concerning the heads of states, and an attack stealing the email addresses and passwords of a popular social networking site were discussed. While the data breach was a case of human error and negligence, the attack was an example of fine programming skill put to illegal use. For both the case studies, the report explored the problem, the affected parties, ways by which the incident happened, and recommendations for preventing such incidents in future. References Association, P. (2016). Hacker advertises details of 117 million LinkedIn users on darknet. The Guardian. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/may/18/hacker-advertises-details-of-117-million-linkedin-users-on-darknet Ballman, D. (2013). 10 New (And Legal) Ways Your Employer Is Spying On You. AOL.com. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.aol.com/article/2013/09/29/new-ways-employer-spy/20699464/ Council, B. (2016). Brisbane's 2014 G20 Leaders' Summit | Brisbane City Council. Brisbane.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 31 March 2017, from https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/about-council/governance-strategy/economic-development/brisbanes-2014-g20-leaders-summit Farrell, P. (2015). Personal details of world leaders accidentally revealed by G20 organisers. The Guardian. Retrieved 31 March 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/30/personal-details-of-world-leaders-accidentally-revealed-by-g20-organisers Gee, K. (2017). The Not-So-Creepy Reason More Bosses Are Tracking Employees. WSJ. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-not-so-creepy-reason-more-bosses-are-tracking-employees-1490101200 Griffin, A. (2016). Hacker advertises details of 117 million LinkedIn users on darknet. The Guardian. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/may/18/hacker-advertises-details-of-117-million-linkedin-users-on-darknet hack. Dictionary.com. Retrieved from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/hack Hoffman, C. (2014). How Do Spammers Get Your Email Address?. Howtogeek.com. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.howtogeek.com/180477/htg-explains-how-do-spammers-get-your-email-address/ Day, K. (2015). Ke Day on Twitter. Twitter.com. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://twitter.com/KenDay/status/638999331350151168?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfwref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fwhsmith-customer-emails-data-privacy-2015-9 England, L. (2015). People are freaking out because WHSmith is accidentally emailing customer contact details to other customers. Business Insider. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.in/People-are-freaking-out-because-WHSmith-is-accidentally-emailing-customer-contact-details-to-other-customers/articleshow/48772997.cms RadioLiberty, R. (2016). U.S. Charges Russian Hacker With Stealing LinkedIn Data. RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.rferl.org/a/us-charges-russian-hacker-nikulin-stealing-date-linkedin-san-francisco-dropbox-formspring-/28068596.html Reuters, T. (2016). LinkedIn to wipe out passwords for 100 million hacked accounts - Business Insurance. Business Insurance. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.businessinsurance.com/article/20160518/NEWS06/160519773/LinkedIn-data-breach-hack-2012-100-million-accounts-passwords Rogers, J. (2016). Hacker looks to sell 117M LinkedIn passwords from 2012 data breach. Fox News. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.foxnews.com/tech/2016/05/19/hacker-looks-to-sell-117m-linkedin-passwords-from-2012-data-breach.html Schroeder, S. (2012). 6.5 Million Encrypted LinkedIn Passwords Leaked Online [REPORT]. Mashable. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://mashable.com/2012/06/06/6-5-million-linkedin-passwords/#0qSP.pTP0GqT Security Breach. Techopedia. Retrieved from https://www.techopedia.com/definition/29060/security-breach Silveira, V. (2012). An Update on LinkedIn Member Passwords Compromised. Blog.linkedin.com. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://blog.linkedin.com/2012/06/06/linkedin-member-passwords-compromised Singh, A. (2015). Is Big Data the New Black Gold?. WIRED. Retrieved 31 March 2017, from https://www.wired.com/insights/2013/02/is-big-data-the-new-black-gold/ Spivak, W. (2012). Hacking (1st ed., p. 13). Lulu.com. Temperton, J. (2015). WHSmith data breach spams confidential customer details. WIRED UK. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.wired.co.uk/article/whsmith-data-breach-customer-emails Tran, T. (2016). What is the valuation of a social network company?. Quora. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-valuation-of-a-social-network-company/answer/Tony-Tran-75 Westervelt, R. (2014). What Is That Stolen Data Worth? 11 Most Lucrative Hacking Targets, Services. CRN. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://www.crn.com/slide-shows/security/300075162/what-is-that-stolen-data-worth-11-most-lucrative-hacking-targets-services.htm Zilberman, B. (2017). How Lucrative is Confidential Data? Prime Bounty for Hackers, Top Concern for Businesses. Radware Blog. Retrieved 1 April 2017, from https://blog.radware.com/security/2017/01/lucrative-confidential-data/

Bio lab report osmosis Sample

Bio lab report osmosis Paper It may also be used to describe a physical process in which any solvent moves across a comparable membrane (permeable to the solvent, but not the solute) separating two solutions of different concentrations. Osmosis can be made to do work. The osmotic pressure is defined to be the minimum pressure required to maintain an equilibrium, with no Nett movement of solvent. Osmotic pressure is a colligating property, meaning that the osmotic pressure depends on the molar concentration of the solute but not on its identity. Osmosis, unlike diffusion, requires a force to work. This force is supplied by the solutes interaction with the membrane. Solute particles move randomly due to Brownian motion. If they move towards pores in the membrane, they are repelled, and in being repelled, acquire momentum directed away from the membrane. The momentum is rapidly transferred to surrounding water molecules, driving them away from the membrane as well. The osmotic gradient is the difference in concentration between two solutions on either side of a comparable membrane, and is used to tell the difference in percentages of the concentration of a specific particle dissolved in a solution. Usually the osmotic gradient s used while comparing solutions that have a comparable membrane between them allowing water to diffuse between the two solutions, toward the hypersonic solution (the solution with the higher concentration). We will write a custom essay sample on Bio lab report osmosis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Bio lab report osmosis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Bio lab report osmosis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This would effect the final reading of the percentage of weight change because the cut potato cubes would be having a either a higher mass or lower mass depending whether the potato cube was cut slightly bigger than 1 CM or slightly smaller than lack respectively. The increase in weight for the potato cubes as hon.. In the table for example during trial 1 was different than in trial 2 for the distilled water. This would end up having an average and a less precise reading of the final weight change, hence having a less precise percentage of weight change. The second random error could have possibly been the time to end the stopwatch at exactly fifteen minutes for each and every one potato cube immersed in the salt solution. This would end up in most probably having an excess of salt solution in the potato cube as the chances of having a less salt solution is lower. This is because the delayed time of reaction after the stopwatch ad shown fifteen minutes may have caused excess salt solution to enter the potato cube causing the final mass of the potato cube to increase more than what it should have been, thus increasing the average weight change of the potato cubes and the percentage change. This was most probably shown in the trial 2 of the 2% salt solution. Hence, the reading of the trial 2 was larger than the reading of the trial 1 of the 2% salt solution. The third random error was that the measuring cylinder used to measure the salt solution of different percentages was washed with distilled water and was not dried properly. This would result n the salt solution being diluted by the distilled water causing the percentage of the salt solution to decrease. This WOUld then effect the results of weight change because the salt solution is then not what it is supposed to be. It would have been lower than expected and the percentage of weight change of potato cubes would have been lower The last random error that was possible in this experiment was the drying of the potato cube was not constant before and after it was immersed into the salt solution. This would have left the readings to be not the same for every trial of different percentage of salt solution. The tissue paper used was not given the same drying capabilities for each of the potato cubes. Drying capabilities meaning the length the tissue paper was placed on the potato CUbes to absorb the remaining salt solution, the tissue paper was reused and didnt having the absorbing capabilities of what it should have been having and many more factors. This would then change the data for each and every trial for different percentages leaving the mass obtained to not be precise, hence, causing the percentage of weight change to be different for each and every trial and this would effect the precision of the experiment. Some of the Seibel systematic errors in this experiment are the temperature of the room was kept at a cold temperature with the air-conditioning. This would effect the rate of which the the water diffuses to the potato cubes from the salt solution to potato cubes or the potato cubes to salt solution. The final percentage of weight change would be effected as well as the average weight change of the of the potato CUbes. This is because the osmosis process may have been slowed down because of the rate of water diffusion decrease which would decrease all the readings of the final weight of the potato cubes Lastly, the final systematic error is that the salt solution used for all were not washed correctly down to its percentage. For example, the original stock of salt solution given to the lab was 5% and the one that was washed down was not exactly to 0. 5%, and 3%. The readings could be higher or lower depending on the way the original salt solution was washed. This means that the reading of the percentage of weight change would change in all directions because the 1% of the salt solution could have been 2% and the reading would have increased causing the average weight change to increase and the percentage of the weight change to increase. Some f the strengths in this experiment is the use of a digital stopwatch to measure the time taken. This helps a lot because the time taking would be easier and it would have reduced the chances of having a random error. Another strength is use a peeler to peel the potato skin off before cutting it. This helps by not wasting time and having the chance of cutting ourselves using a knife. Some of the weakness of this experiment is the environment where the experiment was done. There was presence of air molecules blowing from the air-conditioning and this would have maybe dried the potato cubes that came out of the salt solutions quicker than what it should have. The ways to improve this experiment is based on the weakness which is to turn off the air-conditioning during the experiment. This would help drastically because there will be no external air forces drying the potato cubes faster than what it should be because blowing air is a factor that effects rate of loss of water. The significance of this experiment is to show that the water moves from a higher concentration gradient to a lower concentration gradient and that the salt solution depending on the percentage would effect the mass of the potato cubes because the salt solution either moved into the potato bubs or the water in the potato cubes moved out and into the salt solution. This is also to show that cells do osmosis to regulate the osmotic pressure in themselves and they do this on a regular basis to maintain the turgidity of the cell. Cell to cell diffusion of water is controlled by this process called osmosis. Some of the precautions that were taken in this experiment was the usage of lab coats all the time during the experiment. This is to ensure that even a harmless solution like a salt solution wouldnt come in contact with our skin or dirty our clothing. The knife was used carefully because it was sharp and so that no cuts were gotten on our fingers. All the apparatus and material were handled with care so that we do not break them. Overall, this experiment was a success. My lab partner, Elian and I managed to work together well to accomplish this experiment successfully. This included us splitting the task equally.

Picking Nits, Not Nicks

Picking Nits, Not Nicks Picking Nits, Not Nicks Picking Nits, Not Nicks By Maeve Maddox Apparently some modern speakers are happily unacquainted with head lice. This lack of knowledge may explain the confusion illustrated by the following examples: If you want to lose a friend, all you have to do is to continue to nick pick and find fault with everything that they do or everything that they say. My husband and I nick pick at everything at each other. How can I stop this? Gamers are great at nickpicking while avoiding actual analysis. Not sure if I’m only seeing negative stuff or I’m just nickpicking. What should I do? I feel Teacher is nickpicking on my son. The verb forms for the actions being described in these examples are nitpick and nitpicking. To nitpick is to find fault with every little thing, no matter how inconsequential. The expression derives from the literal act of looking for nits, which are quite small. As a former volunteer school â€Å"head checker,† I know what it is to comb through a child’s hair, strand by strand, looking for nits. nit (noun): The egg of a louse or other insect parasitic on humans or animals; specifically, the egg of a head louse when attached to hair. From the mid-1600s until the late 1700s, ostentatious wigs were fashionable among the wealthy. One of the most memorable passages in the diary of Samuel Pepys (1633-1703) references the pitfalls of patronizing a wigmaker who failed to boil the merchandise before delivery: â€Å"I did go to the Swan; and there sent for Jervas my old periwig-maker and he did bring me a periwig; but it was full of  nits, so as I was troubled to see it (it being his old fault) and did send him to make it clean.† Note: A periwig is a highly stylized wig still worn by British barristers and judges. (The adjective old is not a typo for own. This wasn’t the first time Jervas had sent Pepys an infested wig.) It’s not necessary to hyphenate nitpick or nitpicking. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Creative Writing 101Rules for Capitalization in TitlesHow Do You Determine Whether to Use Who or Whom?

Alzheimer Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Alzheimer - Article Example Currently there is no cure to the condition implying that its prevention is the only surest way of eliminating any danger associated with AD. The disease remained unidentified for so long despite its existence in early societies. It required comprehensive human psychology and consistent psychological evaluation to determine the behavior pattern of individuals. Even after its discovery in 11906, inadequate research on the topic has impaired the studies that would help determine effective cure. As a form of dementia, one would expect some of the dementia treatment procedures to help mitigate its spread (Mace and Peter 21). However, the condition that by 2006 had more than twenty six million infections exhibits different traits and effects on its victims thus complicating its diagnosis. The diagnosis of AD is an investigation of the patient’s genetic history a complicated process that entails the assessment of the patient’s relatives. The process investigates the presence of the presence of distinguishing neurological and neuropsychological features and the absence of alternate conditions. The process is theref ore hectic and complicated involving unconventional medical imaging using computed tomography (Soukup 11). The absence of such expensive equipment thus contributes to the spread of the condition that continues unmonitored in most regions throughout the world especially in the underdeveloped economies. Additionally, the condition requires extensive studies and research on the patients involving a detailed investigation of patient histories a feature that often weaken the effectiveness of the diagnosis, as some relations may not avail themselves for the investigations (Callone 11). Presently, AD has no treatment a feature that compels the use of certain methods of treating such similar conditions as stress and depression mitigating the effects of the condition. Just as explained earlier, prevention thus becomes the

Written Assignment #4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Written Assignment #4 - Essay Example Byzantine, as the East came to be known has also produced a number of artworks in religious inspiration that became the groundwork which was later on brought and adapted by the Western artists and continued through time with a unified progression. The observations on these understanding can be regarded in how the image of Virgin and Child has changed as rendered by different artists with in different periods. The image of the Byzantine icon of the Madonna and Child on a Curved Throne commences the inspiration for the succeeding paintings that depicted the image of the Virgin and Child in the 13th century. Color plays an important role in the representation of the scene. Prof. Soltes points out that â€Å"We recognize the importance of the symbolic colors, the red of blood of sacrifice, the blue of the sky of truth, the green of spring of resurrection† (â€Å"Lecture Fifteen: Early Renaissance Painting in Central Italy†). Gold is another important color which can be found in abundance in this painting which replaces light in the image. The halo is a symbolism both of the mother and the child where Christ’s halo has a crucifix is suggestive of his character as both God and human alongside with his sacrifice. In this painting, Mary’s head is tilted and the child is described as a miniature adult with his hands in that most familiar gesture and with two angels on either side. Cimabue’s Madonna of the Holy Trinity applies the same colors of red and blue but with less gold. Instead of looking at Christ, Mary looks directly and the audience is confronted with her stare. There are a number of angels, a total of eight, surrounding the main image and unlike the first painting the angels here are more mature but still smaller compared to the mother and child seated in the throne. Duccio is regarded to have been an important figure in bringing the Byzantium art into the consciousness of central Italy. In his Maestà  ,

Examining Real Estate Business In Bangladesh

Examining Real Estate Business In Bangladesh This research paper focuses on the marketing system of the real estate business in Bangladesh and also evaluates the market growth; as this rapidly growing business has become more popular in Bangladesh during the last fifteen years. For that reason this paper will firstly evaluate the real estate business culture in Bangladesh. Secondly the marketing system will be critically appraised and finally recommendation will be given on how to improve this business. Chapter 1: Introduction Today the real estate business is one of the fastest growing businesses in Bangladesh and it plays an important role in the Bangladeshi economy. This research paper focuses on the marketing system of the real estate business in Bangladesh. Presently Bangladesh is a developing and also over populated country. Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. This city is very important for everything because everything is based on this city. For that reason this city is densely populated. From 1985 the concept of living in a flat has been started and also the real estate business has become more popular. The slogan used by the business is our creation your dream. This is a dream about someones home. This topic was chosen because many people know very little about Bangladesh and Bangladeshi business and because of my own interest and personal experience. This paper will firstly evaluate the real estate business culture in Bangladesh. Secondly the marketing system will be critically appraised. Finally recommendations will be given on how to improve this business. Chapter 2:Literature Review Bangladesh is a developing country, and as is common in many such countries, everything is centralized so every business based in Dhaka city. Now a days Dhaka is a overpopulated city. That is the main reason for the growth of real estate business, because people needs more house for living. More than 260 companies are working or doing business in Dhaka(According to REHAB 2004)Real Estate Housing Association of Bangladesh. So it is proof that real estate business is rapidly growing business in Bangladesh. This research paper focuses on marketing system of real estate business in Bangladesh. Today marketing is one of the important part for all kinds of business. It is true that if in the company marketing system is strong than the business of this is doing well. So here in this research paper will be evaluate some true marketing system of real estate business in Bangladesh. Because marketing starts with human needs and wants. People need food, air, water, clothing, and shelter to survive. Beyond this, people have a strong desire for recreation, education, and other services. They have strong preference for particular versions and brands of basic goods services. Kotler,P.(1998). Chapter 3:Methodlogy In this research my specific and investigating area is real estate business in Bangladesh. This research is totally literature based; in addition it will evaluate the marketing system of real estate business in Bangladesh. To make this research valid and reliable, I am trying to show the true marketing system in Bangladesh. It was difficult to find specific books in this area. This research would have been better if there had been time to do empirical research. It would have been appropriate to use questioners and interviews with the people who are working in the real estate business. This research could have also been more presentable if the questioners and interviews involved a large sample of real estate business in Bangladesh. However there was not too much time or resources to do this. This research paper hopes to show what kinds of marketing system the real estate companies are using in their business and what is their strategy for their products and their services for their target customers. Because Marketing is an orderly and insightful process for thinking about and planning for markets. The process starts with researching the market place and understand its dynamics. This marketing process involves segmenting with the market and choosing those target customer that the company can satisfy in a superior way.(Kotler.1998) Therefore in this research paper I evaluate the real estate business culture, critically appraise the real estate marketing system and recommend how to improve the growth rate of this business in Bangladesh. Chapter 4: Finding and Analysis Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh and one of the most overpopulated city in the world. This city is home of more than 12.8 million people estimated as of 2008 according to the Dhaka City Corporation. This population is growing by an estimated 4.2% per year that is one of the highest rates in the Asian city. On the other hand according to Far Eastern Economic Review this city Dhaka will become a home of 25 million people by the year of 2025(Wikipedia).So day by day people are increasing and housing demand also increasing. So this is the main opportunity for real estate business. Because as a developing country is quite difficult for government to provide such a big fundamental needs like housing. As a result private real estate companies come forward to meet the needs of the increasing housing demand. Land development and construction of apartments is the concern of a real estate business. This business major construct area is residential and commercial buildings to sell them and make profit. Now this business is rapidly growing and one of the most popular business in Bangladesh. According to REHAB(Real Estate and Housing Association of Bangladesh,2004) in Dhaka there are 250 companies doing this business. This is show that what a rapidly increasing business. On the other hand this business also plays an important role in Bangladeshi economic. However most of the Bangladeshi real estate companies marketing system almost same. These marketing system based on four things: Thinking about apartments or housing. Level of income. Standard of living. Style of living. Most of the Bangladeshi real estate company applying this kinds of things for finding as a potential customer. On the other hand customer also classify by the real estate companies. Because housing is not a major problem for rich people but it is big problem for middle and lower income people. So companies are specially targeted middle income and lower income customers. Because a house is their ultimate dream for this kinds of customers. For that reason most of the real estate company investing lots of money for promoting their products for their target customers. Such as : Advertisement Newspaper, Television, Neon Sign Billboard Personal selling This is one of the major things to maintain good relation with the customers. On the other hand a number of employees are working for the company in indoor and outdoor for sales the particular products. Sales promotion Sales promotion is another important things for real estate company. Sometime the company offers discount, Gifts, service price off and many other things for selling their products. Publicity Buy on instalments Size start with 750sft to 1800 sft.(square Feet) This is the marketing system of real estate business in Bangladesh. Chapter5:Conclusion Bangladeshi real estate business is one of the most profitable and popular business. If real estate companies have liabilities about their customers than government have also some liabilities about this business. So government needs take necessary steps or roles to protect this business. Every year the Bangladeshi government earns approximately more than 1500 core taka as a revenue. On the other hand more than 25laks people are working with this industry REHAB(Real Estate and Housing Association of Bangladesh) in 2008. So this is show that the growth rate of the real estate business in Bangladesh. However the marketing system is a process which can be improve day by day with proper market research and strong marketing planning. So real estate companies needs to find out the potential buyers and strong relationship with their customers. It can be very effective to selling their product for their target customers. Chapter 6:Recommendations However now real estate business is very popular in Bangladesh but most of the companies do not have proper market research and marketing plan. Because most of companies do not have longer period marketing plan. So most of the Bangladeshi real estate company needs proper marketing research which start with planning well in advance of the implementation, analysis, management review, and good coordination between customers. In addition most of the Bangladeshi real estate companies needs strong customer care. Because this business totally customer based. All marketing strategy is built on STP-Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning. A company discovers different needs and groups in the marketplace, targets those needs and groups that it can satisfy in a superior way, and then positions its offering so that the target market recognizes the companys distinctive offering and image.(P.Kotler,K.L.Keller,2006) So this marketing strategy can improve the real estate business in Bangladesh. Chapter 7:Reflections of learning In this research paper I am learning lots of things such as how to write a research paper in a right order. Because this is my first research paper. When I started my research I was facing lots of difficulties but day by day I learn lots of things about a research paper and how to write it. May be in my research paper I have lots of errors and mistakes. But I know that it is all about learning process because this learning process helps me lots in my future studies .In addition I wants to thanks International Study Canter and specially my course teacher because they are deign such an important course for the students who wants to study in the postgraduates level. Appendices Committed to PEOPLES RIGHT TO KNOW Vol. 5 Num 50 Fri. July 16, 2004 Business Rehab housing fair in New York next month Star Business Report In a bid to promote the countrys housing and real estate business by wooing Bangladeshis living in the US, the Real Estate and Housing Association of Bangladesh (Rehab) is going to organise a five-day housing fair next month in New York.The event titled Rehab-Biponon Housing Fair 2004 will begin on August 19 at Quality Hotel Hampstead in New York city. Rehab is organising the fair in association with Biponon, a US-based marketing company.Describing the objectives of the fair, Rehabs Senior Executive Member Ziaul Ahsan said the fair would encourage expatriates to build their houses in Bangladesh as well as attract foreign investors to the country. Through this fair, the expatriates will get the opportunity to know all about the housing business in Bangladesh, he said. We think if they know about our real estate sector, they will move to invest in the sector.Ahsan said the exhibition would contribute to earning more remittance from the US and making more foreign investment in the count rys real estate sector.A total of 29 Rehab member companies will take part in the fair. They are Building Technology and Ideas Ltd, Hamid Real Estate Construction Ltd, Sheltech (Private) Ltd, Eastern Housing Ltd, East West Property Development Private Ltd, Latif Real Estate Ltd, Bosoti Consortium Ltd, Suvastu Development Ltd, Hasan and Associates Ltd, Amin Mohammad Group, Rangs Properties Ltd, Tropical Homes Ltd, Building for Future Ltd, Ena Properties Ltd, Concord Real Estate and Building Products Ltd, Brac Concord Lands Ltd, Bangladesh Development Company Ltd, Borak Real Estate (Private) Ltd, Living Stone Ltd, Equity Property Development Private Ltd, Japan Garden City Ltd, Al-Hasan Developers Ltd, NM Housing Ltd, Sumona Private Ltd, Rupayon Housing Estate Ltd, Mega Builders Ltd, Assurance Develop-ments Ltd, Building Development and Design Ltd and Crescent Holdings Ltd. According to Rehab, its 145 members delivered 70,000 to 80,000 apartment units to their customers in last 20 year s. Besides, they have been delivering 4,000 to 6,000 plots a year.The Rehab statistics show the annual turnover of the real estate sector amounts to Tk 7,500 crore and the government earns Tk 700 crore in revenue a year from the sector. About 15 lakh skilled and unskilled labourers are working in this sector. Example: Published On: 2007-11-25 Business REHAB fair ends with commitment to lower cost urban housing Sumon Salah Uddin A salesperson (right) busy briefing a visitor at a stall at the annual REHAB housing fair that concluded yesterday in Dhaka. Photo: STAR Real estate companies yesterday pledged to develop lower cost urban housing solutions in order to meet the growing demands for affordable homes in the capital. This is the right time to shift our focus to lower cost apartments instead of luxury flats, said Mohammad Zakir Hossain, senior sales executive of Rangs Properties.According to Hossain, developers are now planning most of their new projects targeting middle class people who make between Tk 20,000 and Tk 40,000 a month. Talking to The Daily Star on the final day of the 5-day housing fair organised by the Real Estate Housing Association of Bangladesh, Hossain said his company currently has no apartment of less than 1450 square feet in size. However, the management is planning new projects to meet the growing demands for smaller flats within the price range of Tk 15 lakh to Tk 20 lakh. A number of factors, including soaring construction costs and the governments drive against black money, have contributed to a sharp fall in the s ale of apartments, which are down around 50 percent so far this year, according to REHAB. Hossain said proper urban policy and the right public infrastructure are necessary to build lower cost housing, especially in the suburbs. The land price in the central areas of big cities is so high that it is often hard to keep the apartment price low. If the government builds proper infrastructure like highways and a good public transport system, developers will start to build lower cost housing projects in the suburban areas, he said. Eastern Housing Ltd, a developer of plots for urban housing, said it didnt have any more land plots to sell. All the plots in our land projects are sold out. We are now introducing two new mid-sized apartment projects in the capitals Kamalapur and Panthapath areas, said Mohammad Farhaduzzaman, assistant manager of the company. Aminul Islam Tareq, senior marketing executive of Rupayan Housing Estate Ltd, said the company had received a huge response from potent ial customers at the show. The response was more than expected, thanks to our newer projects in Uttara and Mirpur, he said, adding that Rupayan recently started building smaller apartments to attract customers from mid-income earners who cannot afford to pay more than Tk 30 lakh. Despite the slump in the real estate sector, there was little evidence of a lack of enthusiasm among the crowds at the jam-packed fair.While the focus was on the lower cost solutions a few luxury developers could be found, one such being Building Technology Ideas (bti) Ltd, who said their primary focus would still be on luxury living. We just got approval for 10-storied projects in Gulshan and Banani areas under the Building Construction Rules 2007. Our focus still remains on exclusive privacy, environmental friendliness and more space, said an executive of the company.

A Case Study Depicting the Importance of Ethics in Medicine Essay examp

To protect the individual’s right and confidentiality, the client involved would be referred to as ‘Marge’. Introduction ‘Work for health requires moral commitment’ (Seedhouse, 2009 p. xiviii). Therefore, the obligation rests on healthcare professionals faced with ethical dilemma in their practice to make moral decision which should promote and enhance health ( Rumbold, 1999; Sim, 1997). Ethics is concerned with the basis on which an action is determined as either right or wrong (Rumbold, 1999; MacIntyre, 2005). Therefore, ethics is the study of morality which is also known as moral philosophy (Sim, 1997; Thompson et al, 2006). When one moral principle conflicts with another, it is referred to as a moral or ethical dilemma (Sim, 1997). Hence, ethics provides a framework for addressing dilemmas (Rumbold, 1999). Thus, Thompson et al (2006), highlights that clients are presented as consumers rather than recipients of care. As a result, there seems to have been changes and challenges in health and social care in recent years (Thompson et al, 2006). More than ever before healthcare professionals have to act in the best interest of clients irrespective of their cultural backgrounds, values or religion (Thompson et al, 2006). This essay highlights the Hippocratic Oath as it is translated into principles which inform the modern code of ethics (Preston, 2009). Furthermore, these principles may not be enough in undertaking moral reasoning. Therefore professionals may have to employ some of the ethical theories which include theory of justice, teleology and deontology in deciding the best possible action for Marge in the case study. Marge has been diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder, and the multidisciplinary ... ...s (RMO), Nurses, Occupational Therapists, Social Worker and Psychologist were alerted at the deterioration in Marge’s mental health in the hospital. Marge’s mood has now altered to a manic state. She was constantly laughing and doing Irish dance in the ward. She had also been abusing alcohol and acting in a very flirtatious manner. This behaviour was completely out of character for Marge who is a devout Christian with a reserved persona. Marge also neglected herself- not eating or washing. In the past when depressed, she has made suicide attempts and did not allowed health professionals into her high rise flat. During her last manic episode, she gave away large sums of money. Her judgement was impaired and did not comply with prescribed medication. Marge wants discharged but has no insight into her current manic episodes. So also, her children wanted her home

A sales promotion campaign for PG Tips

U. K. is one of the world’s largest tea consumers. In spite of the fact that this beverage has become almost a national emblem, the English tea market is undergoing major changes.Consequently, in order to survive, specialized companies are compelled to adapt to new trends. One of the most famous firms operating within this domain is PG Tips, a company which will organize a promotional campaign mainly aimed at encouraging black-tea consumption.Before starting to delve into campaign details, a snapshot of the U.K. tea market could prove extremely useful.According to BBC (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4556103.stm), the traditional tea market underwent a severe decline between 2002 and 2004 when the sales for tea bags and loose tea decreased by 16% and, respectively, 9%. However, the sales volume of other varieties received a major boost over the same period. The items subscribing to this optimistic tendency were the herbal and fruit tea which increased by 30% and the â€Å"speci alty† varieties (green tea, black tea, white tea, oolong tea) which boosted sales by 50%.The upward trend for the latter category is explained by the young generation’s preferences and concerns. Researches have emphasized that youngsters consider tea to be a fashionable drink which succeeds in ensuring a long-term health, at the same time.Thus, the new trend is the natural result of healthier life-styles and higher social needs. A survey that was carried out between 2002 and 2004 on a sample of 25,000 individuals showed that 80% of Britons drank tea, 70% of the persons aged over 65 drank tea at least twice a day while the percentage of youngsters (aged between 15 and 24) having the same behaviour was 38. Standard tea continues to have the highest share in terms of retail sales (63%) compared with herbal and fruit teas which account for only 27%. Moreover, the English breakfast tea is the first choice when it comes to the Britons’ preferences.In conclusion, tea co mpanies have lost market share because they have failed to meet the new generation’s requirements and needs. This is not as preoccupied with maintaining tradition as it is with being healthy and in fashion, at the same time.Consequently, if PG Tips wants to boost its sales, it should focus on this market segment which seems to gain more and more adherents every day. Additionally, one could say that the new trend works in favor of PG’s main objective (promoting black tea) as â€Å"specialty† varieties are those who have had the most significant increase over the last few years.Therefore, the company will reposition tea brands by focusing on health benefits and special moments shared with friends or family when chatting over a cup of tea creates a warm, relaxing atmosphere. Thus, tea will be promoted as both natural medicine and social anthem, acting as a liaison among individuals belonging to the same group.The target audience will encompass persons aged between 15 and 45, situated within the medium and superior social strata and having an average or superior level of education (or belonging to families which have an average/superior level of education, in the case of the youngest). The audience will include consumers and non-consumers, at the same time.The sales promotion will be an event capable of revealing tea benefits, and implicitly, achieving the campaign’s objectives. In time, tea has become a habit within the framework of the quotidian landscape. Buying and drinking such beverage has turned into a routine which has lost its attractiveness to marketers.These have preferred to focus on new brands of automobiles, perfumes, sweets and so forth which are considered to be more enticing in terms of advertising. Consequently, tea has been neglected and has begun to lose market share as any fire ceases to burn when not appropriately fuelled. Thus, PG Tips will try to remind the advantages of drinking tea (and especially, black tea) t o Britons.By highlighting the impact on health, the campaign will make non-consumers switch from other hot beverages to the PG’s black tea. Moreover, those who already are consumers of this product will feel as some sort of veterans who have made the right choice before their less expert counterparts who have discovered the nature’s miracle later. This conclusion will feed their ego and strengthen their loyalty to the PG’s products.To sum up, I’d say that the sales promotion will strongly impact on both consumers and non-consumers, thus managing to increase the total share that PG Tips holds in the home tea market.The sales promotion will consist of a three-tool mix: free samples, point-of-sale displays and a contest.  Free samples of black-tea bags will be given to customers in supermarkets and hypermarkets. These will be accompanied by attractive leaflets that will emphasize the major health benefits comprising reduced risk of stroke and heart attacks , stronger immune response and faster recovery after a stressful event.In order to achieve higher credibility, fliers should name the research institutes which have carried out the respective studies – e.g. The Netherlands National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, the Brigham and Women’s Hospital etc. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_benefits_of_tea).Secondly, in-store merchandising will play a major role through posters situated at the store entrance or at the tea shelves. These displays will attract viewers by statements like:† PG Tips cares about your health and takes you on a Tea Tour† which will surely determine customers to read more.

The Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct,...

Christian Williams Student ID# 995895456 Professor Watson ENGC30 December 1, 2010 The Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the world of medieval literature the supernatural is a consistent theme, presented in extraordinary encounters, mysterious experiences and with magical objects such as potions, spells, and the prominent image of the green girdle of Lord Bertilak de Hautdesert’s wife in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Magic and the supernatural is seen as the driving force behind several narratives and acts as a method by which we might judge human achievement against that of a species that appears to be greater than us, akin to†¦show more content†¦From the waist to the neck so thick-set and square, And his loins and his limbs so massive and long, In truth half a giant I believe he was (Sir Gawain 136-140) In addition to his unnatural size and presence, his magical nature is further hinted at as he appears â€Å"completely emerald green† (Sir Gawain l50) and later affirmed when he picks up his severed head and reminds Gawain of the rules of the agreement they made. This imagery of a seemingly omnipotent figure that a mortal man enters into an agreement is an allusion to the spiritual promise that individuals of the Christian faith enter with God. Ironically, the idea of the Green Knight acting as a metaphor for a supernatural power is part of a larger paganistic culture that stretches across the world and includes such figures as the Aztec â€Å"Corn King†, a â€Å"vegetation spirit representing fertility and involved in a sacrificial beheading (Benson 67). The supernatural is being appropriated to connect to the growing Christian culture of medieval Britain and make the narrative resonate with the general populace. Sir Gawain’s journey to fulfill his covena nt with the Green Knight is fraught with supernatural perils, disorientation, and temptations but it eventually leads him to a chapel to fulfill his promise to the Green Knight: â€Å"See, Gawain, that you carry out your promise exactly,/ And search for me truly, sir, until I am found,/ As you have sworn in this hall in